José Raúl Capablanca y Graupera (November 19, 1888 – March 8, 1942) was a Cuban world-class chess player in the early to mid-twentieth century. One of the first five unofficial grandmasters, he held the title of world chess champion from 1921 to 1927. Capablanca was also a Cuban diplomat and a highly-regarded chess writer.
Referred to by many chess historians as the Mozart of chess, Capablanca was a chess prodigy whose brilliance was noted at an early age. Richard Réti said about him 'Chess was his mother tongue'.
Capablanca predicted that chess could face major problems if the various top players chose to draw every game. To prevent this from happening, Capablanca suggested a new variation on chess, called "Capablanca chess", to be played on a 10x8 board, with two new pieces introduced:
a chancellor that moves as both a rook and a knight;
an archbishop that moves as both a bishop and a knight.
His idea was that the added pieces and board size would increase the complexity of chess and allow the strongest player more opportunities to turn the game in his favor. Contrary to the assertion of some critics, Capablanca proposed this complicated variant while he was world champion, not as sour grapes after losing his title. He played a few games of this variant against Edward Lasker. Lasker stated that Capablanca won them.
Writings
A Primer of Chess by José Raúl Capablanca (Preface by Benjamin Anderson. Originally published in 1935. Harvest Books, November 2002, ISBN 0156028077)
Chess Fundamentals by José Raúl Capablanca (Originally published in 1921. Everyman Chess, October 1994, ISBN 1857440730) Revised and updated by Nick de Firmian in 2006, ISBN 0-8129-3681-7.
My Chess Career by José Raúl Capablanca (Hardinge Simpole Limited, October 2003, ISBN 1843820919)
World's Championship Matches, 1921 and 1927 by José Raúl Capablanca (Dover, June 1977, ISBN 0486231895)
Last Lectures by José Raúl Capablanca (Simon and Schuster, January 1966, ASIN B0007DZW6W)
Further reading
Schonberg, H. C. (1973). Grandmasters of Chess. New York, NY: W W Norton & Co Inc.
Edward G. Winter (1981). World chess champions London, UK: Pergamon Press.
Irving Chernev (1982). Capablanca's Best Chess Endings. New York: Dover Publications.
Harry Golombek (1947). Capablanca's Hundred Best Games of Chess. London, UK: Bell.
Fred Reinfeld (1990). The Immortal Games of Capablanca. New York, NY: Dover Publications.
Brandreth, D. & Hooper, David (1993). Unknown Capablanca. New York, NY: Dover Publications.
Irving Chernev (1995). Twelve Great Chess Players and Their Best Games. New York, NY: Dover Publications.
Edward G. Winter (1989). Capablanca: A Compendium of Games, Notes, Articles, Correspondence, Illustrations and Other Rare Archival Materials on the Cuban Chess Genius Jose Raul Capablanca, 1888-1942. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company.
Gary Kasparov (2003). My Great Predecessors: part 1. Everyman Chess, ISBN 1-85744-330-6.
Source : Wikipedia
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